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The IL-33/ST2 axis: Role in health and disease
Marjorie De la Fuente1, Thomas T MacDonald2, Marcela A Hermoso3
1Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, CL 8380453, Chile; Gastroenterology Department, Clinical Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.
Abstract:
IL-33, an IL-1 family member, is expressed by many cell types and can regulate gene transcription. IL-33 is released upon cell necrosis and the precursor form is enzymatically processed, and then drives inflammation as a damage-associated molecular pattern. The IL-33 receptor ST2, encoded by IL1RL1, is expressed as both a membrane-anchored receptor (ST2L) activated by IL-33, and as a soluble variant (sST2) that exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. The IL-33/ST2 axis is involved in the pathogenesis of atopic and autoimmune diseases, cancer, and central nervous system disorders. Here, we review recent findings on the role of the IL-33/ST2 axis in health and disease.
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