Acute Appendicitis and Pneumatosis in a Duplicated Appendix With Schistosoma Remnants

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Pathology
• Radiology

Background:

• Appendiceal pneumatosis is an uncommon condition, typically associated with acute appendicitis or enterocolitis.
• This case report focuses on a rare presentation in an elderly male patient.

Observation:

• A 72-year-old man presented with abdominal pain post-surgery.
• Computed tomography revealed acute appendicitis and diverticula.
• Microscopic examination showed acute appendicitis, a Cave-Wallbridge type A duplicated appendix, and pneumatosis of the appendiceal wall.

Findings:

• The appendix exhibited features of acute appendicitis and pneumatosis.
• Microscopy identified a duplicated appendix (Cave-Wallbridge type A).
• Calcified structures, suggestive of pathogenic organisms like Schistosoma, were found within the appendiceal wall.

Implications:

• This case highlights a rare association of appendiceal pneumatosis with a duplicated appendix and potential parasitic remnants.
• It underscores the importance of thorough histopathological examination in diagnosing complex appendiceal pathologies.
• The findings may contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of appendiceal pneumatosis in unusual contexts.