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Avalanches in Wood Compression.

T Mäkinen1, A Miksic1, M Ovaska1

  • 1COMP Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 11100, 00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland.

Physical Review Letters
|August 15, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Woodquakes, or acoustic emissions in wood, mimic earthquake patterns. Despite localized deformation, the material

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science: Investigating the mechanical behavior of wood under compression.
  • Geophysics: Comparing acoustic emission patterns in wood to seismic activity.
  • Physics: Analyzing scale-free phenomena in complex materials.

Background:

  • Wood exhibits a complex, multiscale viscoplastic response.
  • Avalanche phenomena are observed in various natural and laboratory settings.
  • Understanding material failure mechanisms is crucial for structural applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate avalanche behavior in small wood samples under compression.
  • To compare acoustic emission patterns in wood ('woodquakes') to those of earthquakes and other brittle materials.
  • To explore the relationship between deformation localization and avalanche dynamics in wood.

Main Methods:

  • Compression testing of small wood samples.
  • Acoustic emission monitoring to detect and measure 'woodquakes'.
  • Digital image correlation to identify deformation localization.

Main Results:

  • Acoustic emission events ('woodquakes') show power-law distributions for event energies and waiting times, similar to earthquakes.
  • Stress-strain response reveals deformation localization in specific regions, such as softwood layers.
  • Avalanche behavior remains scale-free despite the observed material structure-dependent localization.

Conclusions:

  • Wood exhibits scale-free avalanche dynamics analogous to earthquakes and crackling noise.
  • Deformation localization occurs within wood's structure but does not alter the fundamental scale-free nature of its failure events.
  • The study provides insights into the physics of failure in heterogeneous materials like wood.