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Coagulation abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus.

A K Saraya, R Rai, R Saxena

    The Indian Journal of Medical Research
    |October 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients showed abnormal coagulation, with prolonged kaolin clotting time (KCT) significantly linked to thromboembolic events. This suggests a platelet lipid factor deficiency in SLE coagulation abnormalities.

    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Rheumatology
    • Clinical Pathology

    Background:

    • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease associated with a prothrombotic state.
    • Coagulation abnormalities are frequently observed in SLE patients, but their clinical significance requires further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate coagulation profiles in patients with SLE.
    • To determine the association between specific coagulation test abnormalities and clinical features, particularly thromboembolic events.

    Main Methods:

    • Coagulation parameters including kaolin clotting time (KCT), Russel's viper venom time (RVVT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and prothrombin time (PT) were assessed in 55 SLE patients.
    • The effect of inosithin addition on RVVT and KCT was evaluated to identify potential platelet lipid factor deficiencies.

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  • Clinical features, including thromboembolic events, were correlated with coagulation test results.

    • Main Results:

    • Abnormalities were detected in KCT (12.9%), RVVT (20.4%), APTT (32.7%), and PT (7.3%).
    • Prolonged PT was not a sensitive indicator for lupus anticoagulant (LAC).
    • Correction of RVVT and KCT with inosithin suggested a platelet lipid factor deficiency. Prolonged KCT was significantly associated with thromboembolic events, while other clinical features showed no significant correlation with coagulation abnormalities.

    Conclusions:

    • Coagulation abnormalities, particularly prolonged KCT, are present in SLE patients and are linked to an increased risk of thromboembolic events.
    • Platelet lipid factor deficiency may contribute to coagulation disturbances in SLE.
    • Specific coagulation tests like KCT may serve as indicators for thrombotic risk in SLE management.