Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Muscle Coordination and Action01:24

Muscle Coordination and Action

3.7K
Muscle coordination is a complex and finely tuned process essential for smooth and purposeful movements like flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and rotation. The human body orchestrates the actions of various muscles working in concert, each with a specific role. Four functional types describe how muscles work together: agonist, antagonist, synergist, and fixator.
Agonists
Agonist muscles, often called prime movers, are the primary muscles responsible for producing a specific movement....
3.7K
Muscles that Move the Forearm01:16

Muscles that Move the Forearm

4.6K
The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
4.6K
Net Torque Calculations01:19

Net Torque Calculations

12.2K
When a mechanic tries to remove a hex nut with a wrench, it is easier if the force is applied at the farthest end of the wrench handle. The lever arm is the distance from the pivot point (the hex nut in this case) to the person’s hand. If this distance is large, the torque is higher. Only the component of the force perpendicular to the lever arm contributes to the torque. Therefore, pushing the wrench perpendicular to the lever arm is more advantageous. If multiple people apply force to...
12.2K
Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers01:16

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers

3.1K
The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi...
3.1K
Moment of a Force: Problem Solving01:29

Moment of a Force: Problem Solving

1.4K
Understanding the scalar formulation of the moment of a force and applying it correctly through problem-solving is crucial in designing and analyzing mechanical systems. Here are the steps for problem-solving with the moment of a force:
1.4K
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

10.9K
The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a...
10.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Strain Field Modulation in Suspended Graphene Membranes Using Localized Electron-Beam-Induced Deposition.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Precise detection of single particles and bio-sensing applications on quartz crystal microbalance using non-linear resonance behavior.

Microsystems & nanoengineering·2026
Same author

Differential impacts of energetic reward and penalty on arm choice.

Journal of neurophysiology·2025
Same author

Enhancing rehabilitation in stroke survivors: a deep learning approach to access upper extremity movement using accelerometry data.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2025
Same author

Development and Validation of Customizable, Adaptive SPring-Actuated Hand EXoskeleton (CASPHEX) Designed for Home-Based Training of Finger Movements Post-Stroke.

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society·2025
Same author

HandMATE: Advancing Accessible Hand Rehabilitation for Persons With Stroke.

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society·2025
Same journal

Comprehensive Analysis of Auditory Nerve Fiber Responses using Fiber-Specific Modeling.

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
Same journal

HCN channels modulate the medium afterhyperpolarization and adjust the firing gain of fast alpha motoneurons in mice.

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
Same journal

Targeting intracranial electrical stimulation to network regions defined within individuals causes network-level effects.

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
Same journal

When "Noise" Isn't Simply Noise: Deterministic Postural Drive During Noisy Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation (nGVS).

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
Same journal

Abrupt Scene Onsets and Gradually Emerging Scene Information Produce Distinct EEG Decoding Dynamics.

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
Same journal

From discovery to translation: charting a course for the <i>Journal of Neurophysiology</i>.

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Measurement of Spatial Stability in Precision Grip
09:36

Measurement of Spatial Stability in Precision Grip

Published on: June 4, 2020

3.6K

Proximal arm kinematics affect grip force-load force coordination.

Billy C Vermillion1, Peter S Lum2, Sang Wook Lee3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia; Center for Applied Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Research, MedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia; and.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|August 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Proximal arm movements significantly influence grip force control during object manipulation. Neural pathways, not just biomechanics, link upper extremity segments, affecting muscle activation and force regulation.

Keywords:
armgrip forcehandload forcemuscle coordinationredundancy

More Related Videos

The Impact of Motor Task Conditions on Goal-Directed Arm Reaching Kinematics and Trunk Compensation in Chronic Stroke Survivors
15:00

The Impact of Motor Task Conditions on Goal-Directed Arm Reaching Kinematics and Trunk Compensation in Chronic Stroke Survivors

Published on: May 2, 2021

4.1K
Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping
09:41

Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping

Published on: April 21, 2023

2.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Measurement of Spatial Stability in Precision Grip
09:36

Measurement of Spatial Stability in Precision Grip

Published on: June 4, 2020

3.6K
The Impact of Motor Task Conditions on Goal-Directed Arm Reaching Kinematics and Trunk Compensation in Chronic Stroke Survivors
15:00

The Impact of Motor Task Conditions on Goal-Directed Arm Reaching Kinematics and Trunk Compensation in Chronic Stroke Survivors

Published on: May 2, 2021

4.1K
Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping
09:41

Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping

Published on: April 21, 2023

2.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • Grip force is crucial for object manipulation, typically coordinated with load force determined by object kinematics.
  • Proximal arm kinematics (elbow/shoulder movement) may influence distal hand muscle control through biomechanical or neural pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how distinct proximal arm kinematics impact grip force modulation during object manipulation tasks.
  • To differentiate between biomechanical and neural contributions to grip force control.

Main Methods:

  • Fifteen subjects performed vertical lifting tasks with varied proximal kinematics but similar hand trajectories.
  • Measured grip force, load force, muscle activation (intrinsic/extrinsic finger muscles), and muscle synergies.
  • Analyzed intermuscular coherence to assess neural coupling.

Main Results:

  • Temporal coordination of grip and load forces was consistent across tasks.
  • Proximal kinematics significantly altered grip force-to-load force ratio, intrinsic finger muscle activation, and flexor-extensor muscle ratios.
  • Changes in intrinsic muscle activation exceeded those in extrinsic muscles, suggesting neural rather than purely biomechanical effects.
  • Task-specific grip force variations correlated inversely with shoulder joint velocity/acceleration.

Conclusions:

  • Complex neural coupling between distal and proximal upper extremity muscles significantly affects grip force control.
  • The motor system may prioritize stabilizing task-relevant outputs (grip force) while allowing variability in less critical ones (shear force).