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Lettuce contact allergy.

Evy Paulsen1, Klaus E Andersen1

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark.

Contact Dermatitis
|August 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lettuce contact allergy is underdiagnosed but prevalent, especially in individuals with Compositae allergies. Testing with fresh lettuce and Compositae mix is recommended for accurate diagnosis.

Keywords:
AsteraceaeCompositaeLactuca sativaallergic contact dermatitisatopicslettuceoccupationalpatch testing

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Food Science

Background:

  • Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a globally significant vegetable crop.
  • Lettuce is an uncommon but recognized cause of contact allergy, often underdiagnosed due to lack of commercial allergens.
  • Occupational exposure is a known risk factor for lettuce contact allergy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present new data on lettuce contact allergy.
  • To review existing literature on lettuce allergy.
  • To investigate diagnostic approaches for lettuce contact allergy.

Main Methods:

  • Aimed patch testing in patients with known Compositae allergy.
  • Review of relevant scientific literature.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic test efficacy for lettuce allergens.

Main Results:

  • Two Danish studies reported lettuce contact allergy prevalence rates of 11% and 22% in Compositae-allergic patients.
  • The majority of identified cases were non-occupational, suggesting cross-reactivity plays a role.
  • Sesquiterpene lactone mix showed limited effectiveness in screening for lettuce contact allergy.

Conclusions:

  • Lettuce contact allergy is more prevalent than previously thought, particularly in non-occupational settings.
  • Fresh lettuce stem patch testing, supplemented with Compositae mix, is recommended.
  • Prick-to-prick and scratch patch tests may be valuable for diagnosing contact urticaria and protein contact dermatitis presenting as dermatitis.