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This study explored accessible Graphical User Interface (GUI) development for blind users performing mathematical calculations. Eclipse SWT API proved superior to Java Swing for creating intuitive, accessible interfaces on Windows.

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Assistive Technology

Background:

  • Interactive applications require intuitive user guidance, especially for users with limited visual or spatial access.
  • Effective focus/cursor management is crucial for user orientation and navigation in such applications.
  • Developing accessible software for blind users, particularly for complex tasks like mathematical calculations, presents unique challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how Java technologies facilitate the creation of accessible Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs).
  • To evaluate the usability and accessibility of these interfaces for blind users employing screen readers and Braille displays.
  • To assess the implementation support offered by Java Swing and Eclipse SWT APIs to developers.

Main Methods:

  • Developed prototypes using Java Swing and Eclipse SWT APIs.
  • Tested prototype accessibility and usability with blind users interacting via screen readers and refreshable Braille displays.
  • Evaluated the developer support provided by each Java technology for implementing accessible GUIs.

Main Results:

  • Eclipse SWT API demonstrated superior performance for accessibility and usability under the Windows operating system compared to Java Swing.
  • Both technologies offered varying levels of support for developers in creating accessible interfaces.
  • Blind users' ability to navigate and complete mathematical tasks was significantly influenced by the GUI's design and focus management.

Conclusions:

  • Eclipse SWT is a recommended Java technology for developing accessible GUIs for blind users on Windows, particularly for complex interactive tasks.
  • Further research is needed to optimize focus management and guidance mechanisms in accessible interfaces.
  • Improving developer support and tools for accessible GUI development remains an important area for advancement.