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Pharmacogenetics of Bisphosphonate-associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw

P L Fung1, P Nicoletti2, Y Shen3

  • 1UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK.

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America
|August 25, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a severe side effect of bisphosphonate (BP) drugs. Genetic factors may influence ONJ risk, but no specific gene variants are currently linked to its development.

Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Pharmacogenomics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a serious adverse drug reaction associated with bisphosphonate (BP) therapy.
  • While clinical risk factors exist, ONJ development is often unpredictable.
  • Genetic variability may play a role in susceptibility to ONJ among BP users.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential association between genetic variants and the risk of developing osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in patients using bisphosphonate (BP) medications.
  • To identify genetic markers that could predict individuals at higher risk for ONJ.

Main Methods:

  • The study likely involved analyzing genetic data from patients with and without ONJ who have used bisphosphonates.
  • Statistical methods were used to identify potential associations between specific gene variants and ONJ development.

Main Results:

  • No specific genetic variant has been robustly identified as being associated with an increased susceptibility to osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ).
  • The genetic basis for ONJ development in bisphosphonate users remains largely undiscovered.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence does not support a strong association between any single genetic variant and ONJ susceptibility.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the complex genetic underpinnings of ONJ in bisphosphonate users.
Keywords:
BisphosphonatesGenesJaw osteonecrosisPharmacogeneticsPharmacogenomicsSingle-nucleotide polymorphisms

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