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Rationality.

Clifford Sosis1, Michael A Bishop1

  • 1Department of Philosophy, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Cognitive Science
|August 26, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores theories of rationality, distinguishing between rule-based and consequentialist approaches. It examines challenges and features of reliabilist and pragmatist theories for understanding rational thought.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Philosophy of Mind

Background:

  • Theories of rationality evaluate reasoning as rational or irrational.
  • Reasoning theories are broadly categorized as rule-based or consequentialist.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review features and challenges of different theories of rationality.
  • To compare rule-based, reliabilist, and pragmatist approaches to reasoning.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of theories of rationality.
  • Analysis of rule-based, consequentialist, reliabilist, and pragmatist frameworks.

Main Results:

  • Rule-based theories link rationality to adherence to specific rules (e.g., logic).
  • Consequentialist theories define rationality by the outcomes of reasoning (e.g., true or useful beliefs).
  • Reliabilism focuses on true beliefs; pragmatism focuses on useful beliefs.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the distinct features and challenges of each rationality theory is crucial.
  • Comparative analysis highlights the trade-offs between different approaches to defining rational thought.