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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
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Cardiothyreosis: Pathogenic Conjectures, Clinical Aspects and Surgical Approach.

M R Diaconescu, I Costea, M Glod

    Chirurgia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)
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    Summary

    This study examines cardiothyreosis, a condition where hyperthyroidism impacts the heart. Surgical treatment for thyrotoxicosis showed significant improvement in most patients with cardiovascular manifestations.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Endocrinology
    • Thyroidology

    Background:

    • Cardiovascular manifestations have been historically linked to hyperthyroidism since the 19th century.
    • Hyperthyroidism can cause primary cardiac issues or exacerbate pre-existing heart conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a series of patients with cardiothyreosis (thyrotoxic heart disease).
    • To analyze the types of cardiovascular complications and the outcomes of surgical management.

    Main Methods:

    • A retrospective analysis of 49 patients with cardiothyreosis who underwent thyroid surgery.
    • Diagnosis confirmed by imaging, hormonal levels, and cardiovascular assessments (EKG, echocardiography).
    • Surgical procedures included total/near-total thyroidectomies and lobectomies.

    Main Results:

    • The study included 49 patients (38 female, 11 male) aged 12-78 years.
    • Common conditions included Basedow disease, toxic adenomas, and multinodular toxic goiters.
    • Cardiovascular issues comprised rhythm disturbances (21 cases), cardiac failure (10 cases), and coronary disease (9 cases).
    • Postoperative complications included transient tachyarrhythmias in 5 patients.
    • Overall, 87.7% of patients experienced good clinical outcomes (cured or significantly improved).

    Conclusions:

    • Diagnosing cardiothyreosis can be challenging due to overlapping cardiovascular symptoms.
    • Surgical thyroidectomy is an effective treatment, particularly for toxic adenomas and large goiters.
    • Radioactive iodine therapy with medical management is an alternative treatment option.