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Updated: Apr 4, 2026
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Therapy Interventions for Upper Limb Amputees Undergoing Selective Nerve Transfers
Published on: October 29, 2021
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Targeted Muscle Reinnervation in the Upper Extremity Amputee: A Technical Roadmap
Michael S Gart1, Jason M Souza1, Gregory A Dumanian1
1Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL.
The Journal of Hand Surgery
|August 29, 2015
Summary
Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) surgery restores prosthetic control and alleviates neuroma pain after amputation. This technique is detailed for transhumeral and shoulder disarticulation patients.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Biomedical Engineering
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- Upper extremity amputation results in loss of neural control for prosthetic use.
- Postamputation neuroma pain is a common and debilitating complication.
- Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) aims to restore motor signaling and reduce aberrant nerve function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the surgical technique for TMR nerve transfers.
- To address TMR application in transhumeral and shoulder disarticulation amputations.
- To highlight TMR's dual benefit for prosthetic control and pain management.
Main Methods:
- Surgical procedures for TMR nerve transfers are presented.
- Techniques are illustrated for patients with transhumeral amputations.
- Methods for shoulder disarticulation cases are also detailed.
Main Results:
- The presented surgical technique facilitates TMR implementation.
- This approach enables restoration of neural pathways for prosthetic control.
- TMR demonstrates potential as a therapeutic intervention for neuroma pain.
Conclusions:
- TMR offers a promising solution for enhancing prosthetic functionality.
- The described surgical technique provides a viable method for TMR.
- TMR addresses both functional restoration and pain relief in amputees.
