Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Preplaced Aggregate Concrete01:29

Preplaced Aggregate Concrete

473
Preplaced aggregate concrete is ideal for construction environments that are not easily accessible. The process begins by properly wetting the gap-graded coarse aggregates to remove the dirt, then placing it in the form and compacting it. Voids are filled with a mortar mix pumped under pressure through slotted pipes. This mortar typically consists of Portland cement, pozzolan, fine aggregates, water, and a fluidizing aid. The pozzolan helps reduce bleeding and segregation while improving the...
473
Types of Cement II01:22

Types of Cement II

552
Portland blast-furnace cement is made by blending Portland cement clinker with granulated blast-furnace slag, which accounts for 25 to 65 percent of the cement's weight. Despite its similarities to ordinary Portland (Type I) cement in terms of fineness and setting times, its early strength is lower, though it achieves comparable strength later on. It's particularly suited for mass concrete structures and marine environments due to its lower heat of hydration and superior sulfate...
552
Pozzolans01:21

Pozzolans

738
Pozzolans are siliceous or aluminous materials blended with Portland cement. They interact with the calcium hydroxide produced during the hydration of Portland cement and contribute to improved strength and durability of concrete. The pozzolanic activity, a measure of a pozzolan's effectiveness, is typically assessed using the strength activity index, as defined in ASTM C 618-93, which calculates the ratio of the compressive strength of cement mixtures with and without pozzolan.
Fly ash is...
738
Aggregate Cement Ratio01:21

Aggregate Cement Ratio

998
The Aggregate Cement ratio refers to the weight of aggregate divided by the weight of cement in a concrete mix. Altering this ratio has profound effects on the concrete's properties. This ratio plays a pivotal role in determining the strength, workability, and durability of concrete. When the Aggregate Cement ratio is higher, the mix is leaner, meaning it has less cement paste to lubricate the aggregate, potentially making the concrete less workable. Such mixes, known as lean, enhance the...
998
Porosity in Cement Paste01:18

Porosity in Cement Paste

556
The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
The balance of water to cement in the mix is...
556
Additives and Fillers in Concrete01:29

Additives and Fillers in Concrete

444
Additives and fillers are integral to enhancing the properties of concrete. Pozzolans and blast-furnace slag are additives or admixtures due to their reactions with calcium hydroxide released during cement hydration. Fillers, which are finely ground and similar in fineness to Portland cement, improve concrete attributes such as workability density, and reduce capillary bleeding or cracking. Some fillers possess hydraulic properties or participate in benign reactions within the cement paste.
The...
444

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Special reduction instruments].

Der Unfallchirurg·2018
Same author

[Bone substitute materials as local drug carriers : Current status of substitutes of various origins].

Der Orthopade·2017
Same author

[Potential of allogeneic bone grafts as antibiotic carriers : Effect of different preparation processes on efficacy].

Der Orthopade·2017
Same author

[Steel or titanium for osteosynthesis?]

Der Unfallchirurg·2017
Same author

[Surgical Treatment of Acetabulum Fractures with a New Acetabulum Butterfly Plate].

Zeitschrift fur Orthopadie und Unfallchirurgie·2016
Same author

In vitro evaluation of novel antimicrobial coatings for surgical sutures using octenidine.

BMC microbiology·2015
Same journal

[3D printing in fracture treatment : Current practice and best practice consensus].

Der Unfallchirurg·2022
Same journal

[3D printing in trauma surgery : Germany lags far behind].

Der Unfallchirurg·2022
Same journal

[Subtrochanteric fractures].

Der Unfallchirurg·2022
Same journal

[3D printing in the field of shoulder surgery].

Der Unfallchirurg·2022
Same journal

[New assessment recommendations for disability in private accident insurance, part 1 : An interdisciplinary consented approach-Basics].

Der Unfallchirurg·2022
Same journal

[Amputation techniques].

Der Unfallchirurg·2022
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Gradient Strain Chip for Stimulating Cellular Behaviors in Cell-laden Hydrogel
13:28

Gradient Strain Chip for Stimulating Cellular Behaviors in Cell-laden Hydrogel

Published on: August 8, 2017

8.4K

[Augmentation with PMMA cement].

K-D Kühn1, D Höntzsch

  • 1Universitätsklinik für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie, Medizinische Universität Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5, 8036, Graz, Österreich, Klaus.kuehn@medunigraz.at.

Der Unfallchirurg
|August 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cements offer versatile clinical applications. Understanding PMMA properties, like radio-opacity andbenzoyl peroxide (BPO) content, ensures safe and effective surgical augmentation, minimizing complications.

More Related Videos

2-Methacryloyloxyethyl Phosphorylcholine Polymer Treatment of Complete Dentures to Inhibit Denture Plaque Deposition
06:02

2-Methacryloyloxyethyl Phosphorylcholine Polymer Treatment of Complete Dentures to Inhibit Denture Plaque Deposition

Published on: December 26, 2016

10.9K
Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold
09:37

Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold

Published on: October 23, 2015

13.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Gradient Strain Chip for Stimulating Cellular Behaviors in Cell-laden Hydrogel
13:28

Gradient Strain Chip for Stimulating Cellular Behaviors in Cell-laden Hydrogel

Published on: August 8, 2017

8.4K
2-Methacryloyloxyethyl Phosphorylcholine Polymer Treatment of Complete Dentures to Inhibit Denture Plaque Deposition
06:02

2-Methacryloyloxyethyl Phosphorylcholine Polymer Treatment of Complete Dentures to Inhibit Denture Plaque Deposition

Published on: December 26, 2016

10.9K
Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold
09:37

Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold

Published on: October 23, 2015

13.6K

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cements are widely used in clinical augmentations.
  • Complications associated with PMMA cements often stem from factors other than the cement itself.
  • Understanding cement properties is crucial for safe application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the critical properties of PMMA bone cements for safe clinical use.
  • To highlight how specific properties influence outcomes in various augmentation procedures.
  • To address common concerns regarding PMMA cement complications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of PMMA cement properties, including radio-opacity, benzoyl peroxide (BPO) content, and thermal characteristics.
  • Analysis of heat conduction effects in the presence of metallic implants.
  • Discussion of flow properties and drug-eluting capabilities of PMMA cements.

Main Results:

  • Zirconium dioxide enhances radio-opacity for vertebral augmentations.
  • BPO content modulates the dough phase and peak temperature, critical for tumor region and vertebral augmentations.
  • Heat development is reduced with metallic implants, but larger non-implant-associated fillings can reach higher temperatures.
  • PMMA cements serve as drug delivery systems for various therapeutic agents.

Conclusions:

  • Proper understanding of PMMA cement properties enables safe and effective clinical augmentation.
  • Tailoring BPO content and considering radio-opacity are key for specific procedures.
  • PMMA cements are adaptable drug delivery platforms, with careful consideration of additive effects.
  • Hypersensitivity to antibiotics does not preclude the use of PMMA cements.