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[Imported malaria in Italy: retrospective analysis from 1960 and update for 1986-1988]
Abstract:
The trend of imported malaria cases in Italy from 1960 to 1988 is discussed. Comparative analysis of its incidence in the last three years is also presented. Since 1985, a rapid increase has been recorded with 191 cases in 1986, 287 in 1987 and 350 in 1988. In 1986-88 Plasmodium falciparum has been responsible for 74% of the total number, followed by P. vivax (21%), P. malariae (2%) and P. ovale (1%). 86% of the imported cases have been acquired in African countries, 8% in Asia and 3% in South America. As far as travelers categories are concerned workers represent 45.6% of the total population, tourists 36.6%, seamen and aircrew 2.1% and strangers coming from endemic malaria areas and traveling to Italy 15.7%. In 1986, 1987, and 1988 one, two and two deaths, respectively, due to malaria, are reported.
Insights
Imported malaria cases in Italy surged from 1985-1988, primarily Plasmodium falciparum infections acquired in Africa. Workers and tourists were the most affected traveler groups, with a few deaths reported.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
Context:
- Analysis of imported malaria trends in Italy from 1960 to 1988.
- Focus on the significant increase in cases observed since 1985.
Purpose:
- To detail the epidemiological trends of imported malaria in Italy.
- To analyze the causative Plasmodium species, geographical origins, and traveler demographics associated with these cases.
Summary:
- Imported malaria cases in Italy showed a sharp rise from 1985 to 1988 (191, 287, and 350 cases respectively).
- Plasmodium falciparum was the predominant species (74%), followed by P. vivax (21%).
- Most infections were acquired in Africa (86%), with workers (45.6%) and tourists (36.6%) being the primary affected groups. Malaria-related deaths were reported in 1986 (1), 1987 (2), and 1988 (2).
Impact:
- Highlights the evolving pattern of imported infectious diseases in non-endemic countries.
- Provides crucial data for public health interventions and malaria prevention strategies targeting travelers.
- Informs risk assessment for healthcare providers in Italy regarding imported malaria.