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Related Concept Videos

DNA Microarrays02:34

DNA Microarrays

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Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...
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MicroRNA Based Liquid Biopsy: The Experience of the Plasma miRNA Signature Classifier MSC for Lung Cancer Screening
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A microarray platform for detecting disease-specific circulating miRNA in human serum.

Somenath Roy1, Jun Hui Soh1, Jackie Y Ying1

  • 1Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|August 31, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel microarray platform for direct detection of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in unprocessed human serum. This advancement enables rapid, minimally invasive diagnostics by quantifying disease biomarkers directly from blood samples.

Keywords:
BiosensorCirculating microRNADIC microscopyGold nanoparticlesHairpin probesMicroarray

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Area of Science:

  • Biomolecular analysis
  • Nanotechnology in diagnostics
  • Molecular diagnostics

Background:

  • Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) show promise as biomarkers for various diseases.
  • Accurate quantification of miRNAs in complex biological fluids is challenging, especially for point-of-care applications.
  • Existing miRNA detection methods often require extensive sample preparation, increasing time and complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a sensitive and rapid microarray platform for direct detection of circulating miRNAs in unprocessed human serum.
  • To eliminate the need for RNA extraction, labeling, and amplification steps in miRNA profiling.
  • To create a diagnostic tool for early disease detection using minimally invasive blood samples.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a microarray platform functionalized with carboxyl-polyethylene glycol (PEG) for anti-fouling properties.
  • Immobilization of aminated hairpin nucleic acid molecules as target-specific capture probes (CPs).
  • Direct detection of miRNA targets in unprocessed human serum using nanoparticle-based signal amplification and differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy.

Main Results:

  • Achieved direct detection of microRNA (miRNA) targets at concentrations as low as 10 femtomolar (fM) in unprocessed human serum.
  • Demonstrated reliable discrimination of miRNA sequences with high homology using hairpin capture probes.
  • Enabled single-molecule resolution detection through nanoparticle-based techniques and DIC microscopy.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microarray platform allows for direct, sensitive, and specific quantification of circulating miRNAs in human serum.
  • The platform significantly reduces assay time and complexity by eliminating RNA extraction and amplification steps.
  • This technology holds potential for rapid, minimally invasive clinical diagnostic assays for early disease detection.