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Lichenoid tissue reaction.

S K Panja, P K Banerjee

    Indian Journal of Dermatology
    |September 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Lichenoid tissue reaction (LTR) involves basal cell damage in various dermatoses. Histologic analysis helps differentiate conditions like Lichen planus and Discoid lupus erythematosus.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dermatopathology
    • Histology
    • Immunodermatology

    Background:

    • Lichenoid tissue reaction (LTR) is a histological pattern seen in various skin conditions.
    • It is characterized by damage to basal epidermal cells, including liquefaction degeneration, apoptosis, or necrosis.
    • LTR is associated with lichenoid, poikilodermatous, and pigmentary dermatoses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze and compare the histologic features of lichenoid tissue reaction in specific dermatoses.
    • To identify differentiating features of LTR in Lichen planus (LP), Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), Lichenoid melanodermatitis (LM), and Lichen nitidus (LN).
    • To assess the utility of LTR analysis in distinguishing overlapping conditions like LP/LE.

    Main Methods:

    • Histologic examination of 50 cases of lichenoid and pigmentary dermatoses.

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  • Detailed analysis of epidermal and dermal changes, including basal cell damage, inflammatory infiltrate, and basement membrane alterations.
  • Comparative study of features such as Civatte bodies, colloid bodies, vasodilatation, and epidermal changes across different diagnoses.

    • Main Results:

    • Lichen planus (LP) showed extensive basal cell liquefaction, numerous Civatte/colloid bodies, upper dermal vasodilatation, disrupted basement membrane, and hypergranulosis.
    • Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) presented with focal basal cell liquefaction, infrequent Civatte/colloid bodies, focal to band-like infiltrate, epidermal atrophy, and thickened basement membrane.
    • Lichenoid melanodermatitis (LM) exhibited focal basal cell damage, epidermal atrophy, less dense infiltrate, pigmentary incontinence, and minimal vascular changes.
    • Lichen nitidus (LN) displayed localized basal cell damage, claw-like rete ridges, dense infiltrate often with giant cells, and absence of Civatte/colloid bodies.

    Conclusions:

    • Histologic features of lichenoid tissue reaction vary significantly among different dermatoses.
    • Specific features like the extent of basal cell damage, presence of Civatte/colloid bodies, and basement membrane changes aid in differentiating LP, DLE, LM, and LN.
    • Careful evaluation of LTR is crucial for distinguishing overlapping conditions, particularly Lichen planus/Lupus erythematosus (LP/LE) overlap syndrome.