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Heat accumulation during sequential cortical bone drilling.

Andrew C Palmisano1, Bruce L Tai2, Barry Belmont3

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society
|September 4, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sequential bone drilling causes heat accumulation, with Kirschner wires (K wires) generating more heat than twist drills. Reducing drill passes may minimize bone injury during repetitive drilling procedures.

Keywords:
Kirschner wirebone drillingcortical boneheat accumulationsequential drillingthermal osteonecrosis

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Surgical instrumentation

Background:

  • Limited data exists on heat accumulation during sequential bone drilling.
  • Understanding thermal effects is crucial for preventing bone injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate heat accumulation during sequential drilling using Kirschner wires (K wires) and standard drills.
  • To compare the thermal profiles of K wires versus twist drills in repetitive bone drilling.

Main Methods:

  • Sequential drilling of nine holes in a 3x3 array on cadaveric tibia at body temperature.
  • Utilized four thermocouples to measure temperature changes at the bone surface and subsurface.
  • Employed a servo-controlled system for consistent drilling with K wires and standard drills (2.0 mm and 2.5 mm).

Main Results:

  • Sequential drilling led to a cumulative increase in temperature for both K wires and standard drills.
  • K wire drilling resulted in higher temperatures (up to 20 °C) compared to standard drills (up to 13 °C).
  • Drill size did not significantly impact the temperature increase (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Heat accumulates significantly during sequential bone drilling, with K wires inducing greater thermal elevation.
  • Findings suggest strategies like optimizing the drilling field and minimizing passes to mitigate thermal damage to bone.
  • This study highlights the importance of thermal management in repetitive orthopedic drilling procedures.