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The effect of prophylactic topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in canine primary closed-angle glaucoma
R Stavinohova1, J R Newton2, C Busse1
1Comparative Ophthalmology Unit, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket CB8 7UU.
Objectives:
To determine the effect of 1% brinzolamide, 2% dorzolamide hydrochloride or combination 2% dorzolamide hydrochloride/0 · 5% timolol to delay the elevation of the intraocular pressure in second eyes of dogs with primary closed-angle glaucoma.
Methods:
Analysis of retrospectively collated data from 40 dogs with primary closed-angle glaucoma, where the non-affected eye was treated prophylactically with brinzolamide (n = 10), dorzolamide (n = 18) or combination dorzolamide/timolol therapy (n = 12).
Results:
The 40 treated dogs (median age of 76 · 2 months) comprised 25 females/15 males, 19 entire/21 neutered. Twenty dogs developed glaucoma in the contralateral eye (median time of 9 · 2 months). No statistically significant difference was identified during treatment failure between the treatment groups (P = 0 · 66). The second eye remained normotensive in 20 dogs; four dogs until the conclusion of the study (median: 27 · 0 months), three dogs until death (median: 15 · 4 months), seven dogs until lost to follow-up (median: 11 · 6 months). Out of these 20 dogs, treatment was discontinued because of lack of owner compliance in two dogs and following a local drug reaction in four dogs (median: 8 · 9 months).
Clinical Significance:
There was no evidence that the tested drugs delayed elevation of intraocular pressure in contralateral eyes of dogs with primary closed-angle glaucoma.
Insights
Prophylactic use of brinzolamide, dorzolamide, or dorzolamide/timolol did not delay elevated intraocular pressure in the second eye of dogs with primary closed-angle glaucoma. No significant difference was found between treatment groups.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Ophthalmology
- Ocular Pharmacology
Background:
- Primary closed-angle glaucoma (PCAG) is a common inherited condition in dogs.
- Early intervention in the second eye can potentially delay glaucoma progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of topical 1% brinzolamide, 2% dorzolamide hydrochloride, or a combination of 2% dorzolamide hydrochloride/0.5% timolol in delaying intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation in the contralateral eye of dogs diagnosed with PCAG.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of data from 40 dogs with PCAG.
- Prophylactic treatment of the unaffected eye with brinzolamide (n=10), dorzolamide (n=18), or dorzolamide/timolol (n=12).
Main Results:
- Twenty out of 40 dogs developed glaucoma in the contralateral eye.
- No statistically significant difference in treatment failure was observed between the three treatment groups (P=0.66).
- The second eye remained normotensive in 20 dogs for varying durations, with treatment discontinuation in some due to owner compliance or local drug reactions.
Conclusions:
- The tested medications (brinzolamide, dorzolamide, dorzolamide/timolol) did not demonstrate a significant effect in delaying IOP elevation in the contralateral eyes of dogs with PCAG.
- Further research may be needed to identify effective prophylactic strategies for canine glaucoma.
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