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[Allergologic evaluation in chronic rhinitis: study of 411 cases].
Summary
Over half of patients with chronic rhinitis showed allergies, with house dust mites being the most common trigger. Early diagnosis and environmental control are crucial for managing allergic rhinitis and asthma.
Area of Science:
- Allergy and Immunology
- Otorhinolaryngology
Background:
- Chronic rhinitis affects a significant portion of the population, often co-occurring with bronchial asthma.
- Identifying specific allergens is key to effective management and improving patient quality of life.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a comprehensive allergological evaluation in patients with chronic rhinitis, with or without associated bronchial asthma.
- To determine the prevalence of sensitization to various allergens and identify common triggers.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a combination of diagnostic methods including skin prick tests, serum RAST (Radioallergosorbent test), nasal provocation tests, allergy avoidance diets, and food provocation.
- Evaluated 411 patients diagnosed with chronic rhinitis, either alone or in conjunction with bronchial asthma.
Main Results:
- 50.4% of patients (207 out of 411) demonstrated sensitization to one or more allergens.
- The mean age of rhinitis onset was 14.9 years, with the first decade of life being most critical for symptom onset.
- House dust mites (Dermatophagoides) were the most frequent allergens identified, likely influenced by local environmental factors. Olive sensitization was common in pollen-allergic individuals.
Conclusions:
- A thorough allergological assessment is essential for diagnosing chronic rhinitis and associated conditions.
- Identifying specific allergens allows for targeted treatment strategies and effective environmental prophylaxis, improving disease management.