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Structural brain aging and speech production: a surface-based brain morphometry study.

Pascale Tremblay1,2,3, Isabelle Deschamps4,5

  • 1Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Quebec, QC, Canada. Pascale.tremblay@fmed.ulaval.ca.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals how brain structure, specifically cortical thickness, relates to speech production in adults. Unique age-dependent and independent links were found in brain regions crucial for speech.

Keywords:
AgingAnterior insulaCortical thicknessSpeech productionSubcortical volume

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Speech Production
  • Brain Structure-Behavior Relationships

Background:

  • Growing research on neurofunctional correlates of speech production.
  • Neurostructural correlates of speech production are less understood.
  • Established links between brain structure and behavior, including speech and language.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between surface-based cortical thickness (CT) and sublexical speech production.
  • To examine behavioral indexes: response duration, reaction times, and articulatory accuracy.
  • To compare these relationships in young and older adults producing simple vs. complex syllable sequences.

Main Methods:

  • Examined surface-based cortical thickness (CT) in healthy young and older adults.
  • Measured response duration, reaction times, and articulatory accuracy during speech tasks.
  • Analyzed simple (/pa-pa-pa/) and complex (/pa-ta-ka/) meaningless syllable sequences.

Main Results:

  • Speech measures were sensitive to sequence complexity (slower RTs, longer durations, decreased accuracy for complex sequences).
  • Older adults exhibited longer speech responses, especially for complex sequences.
  • Identified unique age-independent and age-dependent relationships between CT and speech measures in various brain regions.

Conclusions:

  • Cortical thickness is linked to sublexical speech production behavior in age-dependent and independent ways.
  • Relationships were observed in known speech production areas (e.g., anterior insula, motor cortex) and other regions (e.g., posterior cingulate cortex).
  • Findings advance understanding of the neurostructural basis of human speech production across the adult lifespan.