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Risk factors of cardiovascular disease in district Swat
Sohail Akhtar1, Naseem Asghar2
1Department of Statistics, University of Malakand, KPK, Pakistan.
Insights
Cardiovascular disease is significantly associated with factors like stress and sleep, but not gender or smoking. Understanding these risks is crucial for public health interventions in the region.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent a significant global health burden.
- Identifying regional risk factors is essential for targeted prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify cardiovascular disease risk factors in a specific region.
- To examine the association between these risk factors and CVD.
- To assess the incidence of CVD within the study population.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study was conducted at Saidu Teaching Hospital, Pakistan.
- Data collected via cardiovascular risk assessment questionnaire and interviews.
- Included assessment of modifiable, non-modifiable, and contextual risk factors.
Main Results:
- Out of 582 individuals, 61.16% had cardiovascular disease.
- Significant associations found between CVD and education, household population, marital status, blood pressure, blood sugar, age, family history, stress, and sleep (p<0.05).
- No significant association found with gender, smoking, diet, residence, or socio-economic status (p>0.05).
Conclusions:
- Stress and contextual factors are important contributors to cardiovascular disease.
- These findings highlight the need for interventions addressing psychological and environmental influences on heart health.
Objective:
To identify different risk factors of cardiovascular disease, to examine the association of these risk factors with the disease, and to assess the incidence of the disease in the study region.
Methods:
The cross-sectional study was carried out at the Cardiology Department of Saidu Teaching Hospital, Swat, Pakistan, from September2013 to February2014, and comprised patients presenting with cardiac problems. Data was collected through cardiovascular risk assessment questionnaire by arranging a scheduled interview. Cardiovascular risk assessment questionnaire included modifiable, non-modifiable and contextual risk factors.
Results:
Among 582 individuals interviewed, 356(61.16%) were positive for cardiovascular disease, and 226(38.83%) were negative. Of the 356 positive individuals, 206(57.86%) were males and 150(42.13%) were females. There was a significant association of education, household population, marital status, blood pressure, blood sugar, age, family history, stress and sleep with cardiovascular diseases (p<0.05 each). However, gender, smoking, diet, residence and socio-economic status had no association (p>0.05 each).
Conclusions:
Stress and contextual risk factors played an important role in contributing to cardiovascular disease.
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