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Ultrasonography-Guided Peripheral Intravenous Access in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Ariane Ferreira Machado Avelar1, Maria Angélica Sorgini Peterlini, Mavilde da Luz Gonçalves Pedreira
1Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Ariane Ferreira Machado Avelar, PhD, RN, is an adjunct professor at the Escola Paulista de Enfermagem of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo, where she conducts research involving intravenous therapy and patient safety. Maria Angélica Sorgini Peterlini, PhD, RN, is an associate professor at the Escola Paulista de Enfermagem of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo, where she also is involved in research related to intravenous therapy and patient safety. Mavilde da Luz Gonçalves Pedreira, PhD, RN, is an associate professor at the Escola Paulista de Enfermagem of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo, where she conducts research involving intravenous therapy, patient safety, and pediatric intensive care.
Vascular ultrasound did not improve peripheral venipuncture success in children compared to standard methods. However, ultrasound use was linked to a higher rate of infiltration, a complication of IV insertion.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Medicine
- Medical Imaging
- Nursing Practice
Background:
- Peripheral venipuncture is a common procedure in pediatric care.
- Difficult venous access in children often requires advanced techniques.
- Vascular ultrasound has emerged as a tool to guide intravenous procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the efficacy of vascular ultrasound versus standard landmark methods for pediatric peripheral venipuncture.
- To evaluate the incidence of infiltration and phlebitis associated with each method.
Main Methods:
- A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted.
- 382 pediatric venipunctures were analyzed.
- Procedures were performed using either vascular ultrasound guidance or the standard landmark technique.
Main Results:
- No statistically significant difference was observed in the success rates of peripheral venipuncture between the vascular ultrasound and standard landmark groups (P = .059).
- A significantly higher frequency of infiltration occurred in the vascular ultrasound group compared to the standard landmark group (P = .025).
Conclusions:
- Vascular ultrasound guidance does not improve the success rate of peripheral venipuncture in pediatric patients.
- The use of vascular ultrasound in pediatric venipuncture is associated with an increased risk of infiltration.
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