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[Ear, nose and throat disease profile in children with Down syndrome]

María A Paul D1, Alejandra Bravo V1, Constanza Beltrán M2

  • 1División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Revista Chilena De Pediatria
|September 7, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Children with Down syndrome (DS) frequently experience ear-nose-throat (ENT) disorders, including allergic rhinitis and otitis media. Early hearing screening and specialist evaluation are crucial for managing these conditions and improving developmental outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Otolaryngology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Children with Down syndrome (DS) have a higher incidence of ear-nose-throat (ENT) disorders.
  • International guidelines recommend early hearing screening and regular specialist check-ups for these children.
  • This study aimed to describe ENT conditions in Chilean children with DS and suggest relevant management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the prevalence and types of ear-nose-throat (ENT) disorders in children with Down syndrome (DS).
  • To provide population-specific recommendations for the Chilean context regarding ENT care for children with DS.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted.
  • Data was collected from 134 children with DS aged 6 months to 15 years.
  • Methods included parental health interviews and medical record reviews.

Main Results:

  • A high prevalence of ENT disorders (78.8%) was observed in the study population.
  • The most common conditions were allergic rhinitis and otitis media with effusion.
  • Abnormal hearing screening occurred in 25% of patients, and 50% of children over 3 years had obstructive sleep apnea.

Conclusions:

  • Children with Down syndrome exhibit a significant rate of ENT disorders, underscoring the need for proactive management.
  • Recommendations include routine hearing screening, vigilance for obstructive sleep apnea, and prompt referral to ENT specialists.
  • Aggressive management can mitigate hearing loss and support the overall development of children with DS.
Abstract

Keywords:
Apnea obstructiva del sueñoDown syndromeHearing lossHipoacusiaObstructive sleep apnea syndromeSíndrome de DownTrisomy 21Trisomía 21

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