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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Eye-tracking to Distinguish Comprehension-based and Oculomotor-based Regressive Eye Movements During Reading
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Linking morphological and functional variability in hand movement and silent reading.

Z Y Sun1,2, P Pinel3, D Rivière1,2

  • 1UNATI, NeuroSpin, I2BM, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.

Brain Structure & Function
|September 9, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Brain anatomy variations, like the central sulcus "hand knob," directly influence brain function. This study links cortical folding patterns to motor and reading activations, revealing how morphology shapes neural activity.

Keywords:
Central sulcusCortical foldingFunctional activationHand knobSTSVariability

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroanatomy
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • The principle that brain anatomy and function are interconnected is widely accepted in neuroscience.
  • Local variations in brain morphology are hypothesized to correspond with functional variations.
  • Understanding this relationship is key to deciphering individual differences in cognitive processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the link between cortical folding pattern variability and functional brain activation.
  • To examine how anatomical differences in specific brain regions relate to motor and reading tasks.
  • To explore the anatomical basis of functional specialization in the human brain.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cortical folding patterns in 252 right-handed subjects using multidimensional scaling.
  • Correlation of anatomical variability in the central sulcus, precentral sulcus, and superior temporal sulcus (STS) with functional activations.
  • Functional activations were measured during hand motion and silent reading tasks.

Main Results:

  • A strong correlation was found between the 'hand knob' morphology of the central sulcus and the location of motor hand activations.
  • The size of the left hand motor activation correlated with the dorsal/ventral positioning of the central sulcus knob.
  • A novel association was identified between silent reading activation location and central sulcus morphology, and STS activation size and posterior branch development.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms a direct relationship between anatomical variability and functional activation patterns in the human brain.
  • Morphological traits, such as the central sulcus 'hand knob,' precisely predict the location of related functional activations.
  • These findings highlight the anatomical underpinnings of functional specialization and individual differences in cognitive tasks.