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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Cells of the Epidermis01:24

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The epidermis is made of four or five layers of epithelial cells, depending on its location in the body. From deep to superficial, these layers are the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
The cells in all these layers except the stratum basale are called keratinocytes, a type of cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin. The keratinocytes in the stratum corneum are dead and regularly slough away, being replaced by cells from...
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Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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Metastasis02:30

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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
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The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
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Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Detection
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[Merkel cell carcinoma].

Marta Tarasiewicz, Anna Markiewicz, Boiena Romanowska-Dixon

    Klinika Oczna
    |September 10, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Merkel cell carcinoma is an aggressive skin cancer primarily affecting elderly or immunocompromised individuals. Early diagnosis and treatment, including surgery and radiotherapy, are crucial due to frequent metastasis.

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Dermatology
    • Pathology

    Context:

    • Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer.
    • It predominantly affects elderly individuals and those with compromised immune systems.
    • MCC has a high propensity for metastasis, often presenting at diagnosis.

    Purpose:

    • To provide a comprehensive overview of Merkel cell carcinoma.
    • To detail the clinical presentation, epidemiology, and metastatic patterns of MCC.
    • To outline current treatment strategies for Merkel cell carcinoma.

    Summary:

    • Merkel cell carcinoma is characterized by red, glistening tumors, frequently on the head, neck, and upper limbs.
    • Over 50% of patients present with metastases, typically to regional lymph nodes.

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  • Treatment involves surgical excision, potentially followed by radiotherapy, with chemotherapy reserved for advanced stages.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the aggressive nature and metastatic potential of Merkel cell carcinoma.
    • Emphasizes the importance of early detection and multimodal treatment approaches.
    • Informs clinicians and researchers about the current understanding and management of this rare skin cancer.