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A GPU OpenCL based cross-platform Monte Carlo dose calculation engine (goMC).

Zhen Tian1, Feng Shi, Michael Folkerts

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.

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A new cross-platform Monte Carlo (MC) simulation tool, goMC, enables faster radiotherapy dose calculations on various GPUs and CPUs. This advancement improves code portability and facilitates clinical adoption of advanced MC simulations.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Computational Dosimetry
  • Radiotherapy Treatment Planning

Background:

  • Monte Carlo (MC) simulations offer high accuracy for radiotherapy dose calculations but suffer from long computation times.
  • Existing GPU-based MC engines often use proprietary environments like CUDA, limiting cross-platform compatibility and clinical integration.
  • The need for efficient, portable MC dose calculation tools is critical for advancing radiotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a GPU-accelerated, OpenCL-based, cross-platform MC dose engine (goMC) for photon and electron external beam radiotherapy.
  • To enhance code portability beyond specific GPU hardware, enabling use on various GPUs and CPUs.
  • To implement advanced electron transport models for improved simulation accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Developed goMC using OpenCL for broad hardware compatibility (NVIDIA GPUs, AMD GPUs, Intel CPUs).
  • Integrated EGSnrc's electron transport model and PENELOPE's random hinge method.
  • Validated goMC by comparing dose distributions with the established gDPM code in water and heterogeneous phantoms for 15 MeV electron and 6 MV photon beams.

Main Results:

  • goMC demonstrated satisfactory agreement with gDPM, with average dose differences below 0.6% in relevant regions.
  • The code successfully ran on diverse computing platforms, confirming its cross-platform portability.
  • goMC showed a slight performance decrease (~4-16%) compared to gDPM on the same GPU, attributed to different models and development environments.

Conclusions:

  • The developed goMC engine provides a portable and accurate solution for MC-based radiotherapy dose calculations.
  • OpenCL implementation facilitates wider adoption of GPU-accelerated MC simulations in clinical practice.
  • goMC represents a significant step towards efficient and accessible advanced dosimetry in radiotherapy.