Ovarian Dermoid Cyst Causing Distal Ureteral Obstruction

Area of Science:

• Gynecologic Oncology
• Urology
• Pathology

Background:

• Ovarian dermoid cysts are germ cell tumors that can cause symptoms due to mass effect or hormonal activity.
• Ureteral obstruction is a known complication of pelvic masses, but ovarian dermoid cysts are rarely implicated.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a unique case of a 45-year-old woman experiencing ureteral colic due to distal ureteral obstruction.
• To document the first reported instance of ureteral obstruction caused by an ovarian dermoid cyst in the English medical literature.

Main Methods:

• Computed tomography (CT) imaging was used to identify the ovarian cyst and its relationship to the left ureter.
• Surgical exploration confirmed the cyst's compression of the distal ureter.
• Pathological evaluation of the excised ovarian cyst confirmed it as a dermoid cyst.

Main Results:

• A 45-year-old female presented with symptoms of ureteral colic.
• CT revealed an ovarian dermoid cyst compressing the distal left ureter.
• Following surgical excision (oophorectomy), the patient's symptoms completely resolved.

Conclusions:

• Ovarian dermoid cysts can cause significant ureteral obstruction and associated symptoms.
• This case represents the first documented instance of ureteral obstruction secondary to an ovarian dermoid cyst.
• Prompt diagnosis and surgical management are crucial for resolving symptoms and preventing complications.