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Related Concept Videos

Dissociative Amnesia01:21

Dissociative Amnesia

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Dissociative amnesia is a complex psychological condition that manifests as an inability to recall personal information, often tied to traumatic or stressful events. Unlike general amnesia, individuals with this condition retain the ability to perform routine activities and procedural tasks, such as operating a phone or navigating public transportation, yet experience profound gaps in autobiographical memory. These lapses may encompass significant life events, such as suicide attempts or...
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Dissociative Disorders01:27

Dissociative Disorders

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Dissociative disorders represent complex psychological conditions characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. These disruptions cause individuals to experience a disconnection from their thoughts, emotions, and memories. The phenomenon is not merely an occasional lapse in attention but a profound alteration in mental functioning that can severely impact daily life.
Dissociative Fugue
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Dissociative Identity Disorder01:30

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Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously termed multiple personality disorder, is a complex psychological condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states. Each identity exhibits unique patterns of behavior, voice, and mannerisms and may possess separate memories and emotional responses. The alternating control between identities can result in memory gaps and challenges in recalling daily activities, often exacerbating the individual's...
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Amnesia01:13

Amnesia

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Amnesia is a condition marked by long-term memory loss, which impairs the ability to recall past events or create new memories.
The severity and duration of memory loss vary depending on the type and underlying cause. Amnesia is classified into two main types: retrograde and anterograde.
Retrograde amnesia is marked by the loss of memories formed before the onset of the condition. Patients may recall distant past events but often forget those occurring shortly before the incident.
Anterograde...
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Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

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Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
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Repressed Memory01:16

Repressed Memory

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Repressed memories are a psychological phenomenon where memories of traumatic events are unconsciously blocked from a person's awareness. This process occurs as a defense mechanism, protecting the mind from the emotional impact of distressing or painful experiences. For example, a person who has experienced childhood trauma may grow up with no conscious recollection of the event. In such cases, the memories are thought to be buried deep within the subconscious, inaccessible to the conscious...
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Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
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Dissociative amnesia.

Angelica Staniloiu1, Hans J Markowitsch2

  • 1Physiological Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany; Hanse Institute for Advanced Study, Delmenhorst, Germany.

The Lancet. Psychiatry
|September 12, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dissociative amnesia, a controversial psychiatric disorder, involves functional impairment and potential suicide risk. Research is exploring its epidemiology, neurobiology, and neuroimaging to understand this memory disorder.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Dissociative amnesia is an enigmatic psychiatric disorder with debated pathophysiology.
  • Recent decades show increased interest in understanding its neurobiological underpinnings.
  • The disorder is characterized by functional impairment and potentially underestimated suicide risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current data on the epidemiology, neurobiology, and neuroimaging of dissociative amnesia.
  • To integrate advances in memory research and dissociation neurobiology into pathogenetic models.
  • To highlight the need for evidence-based treatments and rehabilitation strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent epidemiological data on dissociative amnesia prevalence and variations.
  • Synthesis of neurobiological and neuroimaging findings related to memory networks.
  • Analysis of clinical features and disease course across different populations.

Main Results:

  • Dissociative amnesia prevalence and presentation vary significantly across populations, suggesting heterogeneity.
  • Retrograde episodic-autobiographical memory impairment is most common; anterograde amnesia is rare.
  • Functional neuroimaging reveals alterations in the autobiographical memory network in affected individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Dissociative amnesia is a heterogeneous disorder with complex epidemiology and neurobiology.
  • Current understanding lacks evidence-based treatments and rehabilitation frameworks.
  • Further research is crucial for improving diagnosis, understanding the course, and developing effective interventions.