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Waveguide-coupled micro-ball lens array suitable for mass fabrication.

Lantian Chang, Meindert Dijkstra, Nur Ismail

    Optics Express
    |September 15, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers developed a fabrication method to integrate micro-ball lenses onto optical waveguide chips, significantly reducing light beam divergence for improved optical performance and mass production potential.

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    Area of Science:

    • Integrated optics
    • Micro-optics fabrication
    • Photolithography

    Background:

    • Optical channel waveguides often exhibit significant light divergence.
    • Reducing this divergence is crucial for efficient light coupling and signal transmission.
    • Existing methods for beam shaping can be complex and costly.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a direct fabrication procedure for micro-ball lenses on planar integrated optical channel waveguide chips.
    • To reduce both horizontal and vertical light divergence from waveguides.
    • To enable mass production of integrated optical devices with enhanced beam characteristics.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized photolithography for precise alignment of micro-ball lenses with waveguides.
    • Employed photoresist reflow technique for lens fabrication.
    • Detailed the design and fabrication processes for the micro-ball lenses.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully integrated micro-ball lenses onto optical waveguide chips.
    • Achieved significant reduction in beam divergence for 1544 nm light, from 12.4° to 1.85°.
    • Demonstrated good performance in beam-size reduction and beam shaping.

    Conclusions:

    • The photoresist reflow method is effective for fabricating integrated micro-ball lenses.
    • This technique offers a viable solution for reducing light divergence in integrated optical devices.
    • The demonstrated procedure supports mass production and improved optical performance.