Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 3, 2026

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
Published on: February 2, 2020
Child oral health from the professional perspective - a global ICF-CY survey
Denise Faulks1,2, Gustavo Molina3, Caroline Eschevins2
1CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d'Odontologie, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Insights
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Children and Youth version (ICF-CY) can describe children's oral health holistically. This study identified 86 ICF-CY items and 31 factors relevant to child oral health.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Pediatric Dentistry
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Children and Youth version (ICF-CY) offers a framework for holistic oral health models.
- Understanding child oral health requires considering broader environmental and functional factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore international professional opinions on factors influencing child oral health using the ICF-CY framework.
- To identify key components of child oral health from a global professional perspective.
Main Methods:
- A two-round online Delphi survey was administered to 514 professionals from 81 countries.
- Participants were stratified by WHO world regions and professional groups.
- Open-ended responses were analyzed and linked to ICF-CY items; relevance was rated in the second round.
Main Results:
- 86 ICF-CY items were identified as relevant to child oral health by at least 80% of professionals.
- An additional 31 factors were also deemed relevant to child oral health and function.
- The ICF-CY framework effectively captured professional perspectives on child oral health.
Conclusions:
- The ICF-CY is a suitable tool for describing the holistic experience of child oral health from a professional viewpoint.
- Findings will inform the development of an ICF-CY Core Set for Oral Health.
- This research supports a comprehensive approach to pediatric oral health assessment and intervention.
Background:
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Children and Youth version (ICF-CY) (WHO) may serve as a tool for the application of holistic models of oral health.
Aim:
The ICF-CY Global Oral Health Survey explored international professional opinion regarding factors relating to child oral health, including social environment, functioning, activity, and participation.
Methods:
Networking resulted in 514 professionals from 81 countries registering for a two-round Delphi survey online. Participants were pooled into 18 groups according to six WHO world regions and three professional groups. In a randomized stratification process, eight from each pool (n = 144) completed the survey. The first round consisted of eight open-ended questions. Open-expression replies were analysed for meaningful concepts and linked using established rules to the ICF-CY. In the second round, items were rated for their relevance to oral health (86% response rate).
Results:
A total of 86 ICF-CY items and 31 other factors were considered relevant to child oral health and function by at least 80% of professionals.
Conclusions:
The ICF-CY can describe the holistic experience of oral health in children from the professional perspective. The data from this study will contribute to the development of an ICF-CY Core Set in Oral Health.
Related Concept Videos
Assessment of the Mouth
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
Development of the Oral Microbiota
Oral Cavity
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...
Tooth Anatomy
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...
Teeth
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...
The Oral Microbiota

