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Zoster duplex: a clinical report and etiologic analysis.

Feng Zhang1, Jin Zhou2

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|September 18, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Herpes zoster (HZ) duplex, a rare varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation, can occur in immunocompetent individuals. This condition may be linked to factors such as Asian ethnicity, older age, and female sex.

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Herpes zoster duplexclinical reportetiology analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Virology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Herpes zoster (HZ) duplex, characterized by varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation in multiple distinct dermatomes, is a rare clinical presentation.
  • The underlying mechanisms driving VZV reactivation in separate skin areas remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of HZ duplex in an immunocompetent woman.
  • To investigate potential contributing factors for HZ duplex by analyzing a series of cases.

Main Methods:

  • A case of HZ duplex in an immunocompetent woman was presented.
  • A retrospective analysis of 36 HZ duplex cases was conducted to identify contributing factors.
  • Descriptive statistics (numbers and percentages) were used to categorize variables.

Main Results:

  • The study included 36 cases of HZ duplex, with a majority (66.7%) from Asia and 44.4% in individuals aged 50 years or older.
  • Nearly half (47.2%) of the cases involved immunocompromised patients, and women constituted 63.9% of the total cases.
  • Among 18 patients without chronic systemic disease or long-term medication history, 72.2% were women, suggesting HZ duplex can occur in seemingly healthy individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Herpes zoster duplex is an infrequent occurrence, observed in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed populations.
  • Potential associations for HZ duplex include geographic region (Asia), advanced age, immunosuppression status, and female gender.