The Relationship Between Iron Deficiency and Febrile Convulsion: A Case-Control Study

Area of Science:

• Pediatrics
• Hematology
• Neurology

Background:

• Febrile seizures affect 2-5% of children aged 3-60 months.
• Iron deficiency anemia is a potential risk factor for febrile seizures.
• This study investigated the link between iron deficiency anemia and febrile seizures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in children with febrile seizures versus those with fever but no seizures.
• To determine if iron deficiency anemia is associated with an increased risk of febrile seizures.

Main Methods:

• A case-control study involving 200 children (6-60 months old).
• Participants were divided into two groups: 100 with febrile seizures and 100 with fever without convulsions.
• Complete blood count (CBC), serum iron, and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) were analyzed to diagnose iron deficiency anemia.

Main Results:

• No significant differences in age, gender, or fever-causing illness between groups.
• Iron deficiency anemia was present in 45% of children with febrile seizures compared to 22% in the control group.
• A statistically significant difference in iron deficiency anemia rates was observed between the two groups.

Conclusions:

• A substantial proportion of children experiencing febrile seizures have iron deficiency anemia and low serum iron.
• Low serum iron and anemia may act as reinforcing factors for febrile seizures in children.
• These findings highlight the importance of assessing iron status in children with febrile seizures.