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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 3, 2026

Non-Viral Engineering of Primary Human T Cells via Homology-Mediated End-Joining Targeted Integration of Large DNA Templates

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T Cell Engineering.

Magdalena Pircher, Thomas Schirrmann, Ulf Petrausch

Progress in Tumor Research

|September 19, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) engineer T cells for targeted cancer therapy. Redirected T cells show promise in hematological cancers, with ongoing research for solid tumors.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Oncology
Biotechnology

Background:

T cells offer antigen-specific immunotherapy for malignant diseases.
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) enable T cells to target tumor antigens.
Redirected T cells combine antibody specificity with T cell cytotoxic functions.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the design and function of CARs.
To outline strategies for producing redirected T cells.
To review preclinical and clinical data on CAR T-cell therapy.

Main Methods:

Gene transfer to express CARs on T cells.
Engineering extracellular antibody-derived antigen recognition domains.
Utilizing transmembrane and cytoplasmic signaling domains.

Main Results:

Early trials show impressive results for CD19-targeted CAR T cells in hematological cancers.
Limited clinical experience exists for solid tumors.
CAR T-cell therapy demonstrates significant potential in cancer immunotherapy.

Conclusions:

Redirected T cells are a promising therapeutic option for cancer.
Further innovation is needed to overcome immune suppression in solid tumors.
CAR T-cell therapy may become a cornerstone of future cancer immunotherapy.