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Nasal bacterial colonization in cases of idiopathic epistaxis in children

Payal Kamble1, Sonal Saxena2, Sunil Kumar1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Lady Hardinge Medical College & Associated Hospitals Shaheed Bhagat Singh Marg, New Delhi 110001, India.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|September 20, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Nasal Staphylococcus aureus colonization is linked to idiopathic epistaxis in children. This bacterial presence contributes to nasal inflammation, crusting, and bleeding, highlighting its role in pediatric nosebleeds.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Otolaryngology
  • Microbiology
  • Nasal Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Idiopathic epistaxis is common in children.
  • The underlying causes of recurrent nosebleeds are not always clear.
  • Nasal bacterial colonization is a potential contributing factor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between nasal bacterial colonization and idiopathic epistaxis in pediatric patients.
  • To identify specific bacterial species involved in pediatric epistaxis.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive, hospital-based observational study.
  • 112 pediatric patients (ages 4-16) were divided into control (no epistaxis) and epistaxis groups.
  • Anterior nasal cavity swabs were collected for microbiological evaluation.

Main Results:

  • A significant association was found between nasal Staphylococcus aureus colonization and idiopathic epistaxis.
  • S. aureus colonization correlated with increased crusting and dilated blood vessels in the nasal septum of epistaxis patients.

Conclusions:

  • Nasal Staphylococcus aureus colonization initiates pathological events including inflammation, crusting, and neovascularization.
  • These changes can lead to nasal irritation, digital trauma, and subsequent epistaxis in children.
  • S. aureus plays a significant role in the etiology of idiopathic epistaxis in pediatric populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildrenEpistaxisIdiopathicNasal colonizationStaphylococcus aureus

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