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Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...

Monohybrid Crosses

Monohybrid Crosses

Incomplete Dominance

Incomplete Dominance

Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.

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Brachypodium distachyon as a Genetic Model System.

Elizabeth A Kellogg¹

¹Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63132;

Annual Review of Genetics

|September 23, 2015

Summary

Brachypodium distachyon is a versatile model organism for plant genetics research. Its studies offer new insights into plant cell walls, endosperm, cold tolerance, and auxin transport applicable to all flowering plants.

Area of Science:

Plant genetics and genomics
Plant physiology
Comparative genomics

Background:

Brachypodium distachyon is a model system chosen for its phylogenetic relationship to cereal crops like wheat and barley.
Its utility extends beyond comparative mapping to diverse areas of plant biology.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the expanding role of Brachypodium distachyon as a model system.
To showcase novel insights gained from studies using this model organism.

Main Methods:

Comparative genomics and genetic mapping.
Physiological and developmental studies.
Analysis of gene function and regulation.

Main Results:

New understanding of plant cell wall structure and physiology.

Keywords:

auxin cell walls cold tolerance endosperm genome vernalization

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Insights into endosperm development and composition.

Elucidation of the genetic basis for cold tolerance.

Discovery of auxin transport mechanisms relevant to angiosperms.

Conclusions:

Brachypodium distachyon is a valuable model for diverse plant science research.
It provides a platform for studying fundamental processes in flowering plants.
Its unique suitability for studies on floral development, vein patterning, and perennial/annual habit control is highlighted.