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Cognitive function in a traumatic brain injury hyperbaric oxygen randomized trial.

E George Wolf, Laura M Baugh, Christine M Schubert Kabban

    Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine : Journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc
    |September 26, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Increased circulating stem cells and better cognitive performance in traumatic brain injury subjects following hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

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    Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) showed no significant cognitive or PTSD improvements in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients compared to a sham. However, specific subgroups with prior concussions demonstrated benefits, suggesting potential for targeted HBOT use.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Hyperbaric Medicine
    • Trauma Research

    Background:

    • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often leads to persistent cognitive deficits and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms.
    • Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is being investigated as a potential treatment for TBI-related conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of 2.4 atm abs of 100% oxygen (HBOT) compared to a sham (1.3 atm abs air) in improving cognition and PTSD symptoms in TBI subjects.
    • To identify potential subgroups that may benefit from HBOT.

    Main Methods:

    • Fifty randomized TBI subjects underwent 30 exposures of either HBOT or sham treatment.
    • Cognitive function and PTSD symptoms were assessed at baseline, post-treatment, and at a six-week follow-up using ImPACT, Brain-checkers, and the PTSD Checklist for Military (PCL-M).

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  • Concussion history was recorded for subgroup analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • No statistically significant differences in overall cognitive scores or PCL-M composite scores were observed between the HBOT and sham groups.
    • Both groups exhibited improvements in cognitive function and PTSD symptoms.
    • Subgroup analyses revealed significant improvements in the HBOT group for individuals with a history of concussions, particularly in visual memory, processing speed, and reaction time.

    Conclusions:

    • While overall results did not show a significant advantage of HBOT over sham treatment for TBI, both interventions led to improvements.
    • Specific subgroups, particularly those with a history of concussion, demonstrated a favorable response to HBOT.
    • Future research should focus on these identified subgroups to explore HBOT's potential as an adjunctive therapy for persistent TBI symptoms.