Probing battery chemistry with liquid cell electron energy loss spectroscopy
Raymond R Unocic1, Loïc Baggetto2, Gabriel M Veith2
1Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. unocicrr@ornl.gov.
Abstract:
We demonstrate the ability to apply electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) to follow the chemistry and oxidation states of LiMn2O4 and Li4Ti5O12 battery electrodes within a battery solvent. This is significant as the use and importance of in situ electrochemical cells coupled with a scanning/transmission electron microscope (S/TEM) has expanded and been applied to follow changes in battery chemistry during electrochemical cycling. We discuss experimental parameters that influence measurement sensitivity and provide a framework to apply this important analytical method to future in situ electrochemical studies.
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