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Published on: May 1, 2018
Force production during maximal effort bend sprinting: Theory vs reality
S M Churchill1,2, G Trewartha1, I N Bezodis3
1Sport, Health and Exercise Science, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
The "constant limb force" hypothesis is not fully applicable to bend sprinting. Athletes experience asymmetrical force changes, indicating a need for specialized training to improve bend running performance.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Athletic Performance
- Sports Science
Background:
- The "constant limb force" hypothesis suggests consistent force application during locomotion.
- Bend sprinting involves unique biomechanical challenges compared to straight-line running.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the validity of the "constant limb force" hypothesis in bend sprinting.
- To analyze how force production on the bend differs from the straight and impacts performance.
Main Methods:
- Utilized force plates and 3D video analysis on seven competitive athletes.
- Measured force production and kinematics during maximal effort sprints on a 37.72m radius bend and a straight section.
Main Results:
- Left step peak vertical and resultant forces significantly decreased on the bend compared to the straight.
- Right step force production showed less compromise, with some athletes increasing forces.
- Inward impulse was greater during left foot contact, contributing to turning, and velocity decreased by 2.3% on the bend.
Conclusions:
- The "constant limb force" hypothesis is not entirely valid for maximal effort bend sprinting.
- Bend sprinting demands asymmetrical force production, differing significantly from straight-line sprinting.
- Bend-specific strength and technique training could enhance performance in 200m and 400m races.
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