Micro and nanomotors in diagnostics.

Area of Science:

• * Nanotechnology and Materials Science
• * Biomedical Engineering
• * Chemical Engineering

Background:

• * Micro/nanomotors are engineered devices capable of autonomous or externally controlled movement in liquid environments.
• * These motors utilize various energy sources like catalytic, magnetic, or acoustic power for propulsion.
• * Their diverse mechanical movements, materials, sizes, shapes, and propulsion mechanisms enable a wide range of applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• * To review the most relevant synthetic micro/nanomotors.
• * To describe their fabrication pathways and propulsion strategies.
• * To discuss their in vitro and in vivo applications and future perspectives.

Main Methods:

• * Comprehensive literature review of synthetic micro/nanomotors.
• * Analysis of fabrication techniques and propulsion mechanisms.
• * Examination of applications in diagnostics and therapeutics.

Main Results:

• * Micro/nanomotors demonstrate significant potential in diagnostics and therapeutics.
• * Applications span interactions with oligonucleotides, proteins, cells, and tissues.
• * Key challenges include navigating complex biological media and addressing toxicity concerns.

Conclusions:

• * Synthetic micro/nanomotors are promising tools for advanced biomedical applications.
• * Further research is needed to overcome challenges related to complex environments and safety.
• * Future development will focus on enhancing performance and expanding therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities.