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Tracheotomy in children: A series of 57 consecutive cases

C Nassif1, M Zielinski1, M Francois1

  • 1Service ORL pédiatrique, CHU, hôpital Robert-Debré, 48, boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France.

European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases
|September 28, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric tracheotomy is now mainly for prolonged ventilation, not airway obstruction or infection. While complications are rare, they can be serious, necessitating specialized care.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric surgery
  • Otolaryngology
  • Critical care medicine

Background:

  • The role of tracheotomy in pediatrics has evolved due to medical advancements.
  • Understanding current indications and outcomes is crucial for optimizing patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the primary indications for pediatric tracheotomy.
  • To identify and analyze early and late complications associated with the procedure.
  • To evaluate decannulation rates and associated issues in children.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of pediatric tracheotomies performed between 2004 and 2014.
  • Data collection included indications, complications, and decannulation details.
  • Study conducted in a teaching hospital with level-3 maternity and pediatric intensive care unit.

Main Results:

  • Fifty-seven pediatric patients were included in the study.
  • Indications were upper airway obstruction (68%) and prolonged ventilation (32%).
  • Early complications occurred in 7% (including 2 fatal decannulations and 1 obstructive plug death); 26% experienced secondary complications requiring surgery. 47% were decannulated, with 33% of those needing fistula repair.

Conclusions:

  • Tracheotomy for infection is rare; indications for airway obstruction are decreasing.
  • The primary indication for pediatric tracheotomy is now prolonged ventilation.
  • Complications, though infrequent, can be severe, emphasizing the need for specialized multidisciplinary care.
Abstract

Keywords:
ComplicationIndicationPediatricTracheotomy

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