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Updated: Apr 3, 2026

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus
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Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Published on: March 6, 2019

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Risk factors in retained fetal lung fluid syndrome

E Ozalkaya, S Topçuoğlu, T Hafizoğlu

    Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
    |September 28, 2015
    PubMed

    Insights

    Low blood chloride levels may predict severe breathing problems in infants with retained fetal lung fluid syndrome. This finding could help identify infants needing closer monitoring and earlier intervention.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal Medicine
    • Pediatric Pulmonology

    Background:

    • Retained fetal lung fluid syndrome (RFLFS) is a common neonatal respiratory condition.
    • Identifying prognostic factors is crucial for managing RFLFS and improving infant outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate antenatal, postnatal, and laboratory findings in infants with RFLFS.
    • To identify prognostic factors associated with the severity and duration of RFLFS.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of RFLFS cases at Zeynep Kamil Maternity and Children's Training and Research Hospital.
    • Patients were categorized into three groups based on symptom duration (≤24 hours, 24-72 hours, >72 hours).
    • Clinical and laboratory data, including antenatal and postnatal factors, were assessed.

    Main Results:

    • Prolonged symptoms, pneumothorax, pulmonary hypertension, increased antibiotic use, and longer hospitalizations were associated with elective cesarean delivery, low birth weight, prematurity, early intubation/ventilation, and low hemoglobin/chloride levels.
    • Low blood chloride levels were identified as a potential indicator for severe tachypnea.

    Conclusions:

    • Low blood chloride levels may serve as a predictive laboratory marker for the development of malignant tachypnea in RFLFS.
    • Further studies are needed to establish a specific cut-off chloride value for predicting malignant tachypnea.
    Abstract

    Keywords:
    Malignant tachypneachloride

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