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FREQUENCY OF SPLENOMEGALY IN DENGUE FEVER IN CHILDREN
Insights
Splenomegaly, an enlarged spleen, was observed in nearly half of pediatric dengue fever patients. This finding highlights the importance of recognizing atypical presentations of dengue fever in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
Background:
- Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral illness, affects millions globally each year.
- The World Health Organization estimates 50-100 million dengue infections annually.
- Understanding clinical manifestations in children is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of splenomegaly in children diagnosed with dengue fever.
- To investigate the clinical characteristics associated with dengue fever in a pediatric cohort.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 93 children aged 4-14 years with fever and thrombocytopenia.
- Diagnosis confirmed by positive dengue antibodies (IgM/IgG) via ELISA.
- Splenomegaly assessed through ultrasonography.
Main Results:
- Splenomegaly was present in 48.4% of the pediatric dengue fever cases.
- The majority of patients (86.02%) presented with chills and rigors.
- Atypical presentations included encephalopathy (39.78%) and bleeding manifestations.
Conclusions:
- Splenomegaly is a significant clinical finding in pediatric dengue fever.
- Dengue fever in children increasingly presents with atypical symptoms such as splenomegaly, encephalopathy, and bleeding.
- These findings underscore the need for broader diagnostic considerations in febrile children.
Background:
Dengue Fever is caused by arthropod born viruses. According to World Health Organization approximately 50-100 million infections of dengue fever occur yearly. Objective of this study was to determine the frequency of splenomegaly in dengue fever in children.
Methods:
This cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Paediatrics, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad, during a period from June 2012 to May 2013 by including 93 Children, aged 4-14 years presenting with fever of less than 14 days with thrombocytopenia and positive IM or IgM and IgG dengue antibodies by ELISA. Patients were thoroughly evaluated by detailed history and clinical examination. Ultrasonography of the patients was performed to confirm the splenomegaly. The data was analysed to determine the frequency and percentage of disease.
Results:
Out of 93 children, 51 (54.8%) were male and 42 (45.2%) were female. The most common clinical presentation was noted is chills and rigors in 80 (86.02%). Unusual clinical features were encephalopathy in 3T (39.78%) followed by bleeding manifestations and upper respiratory tract infection (upper RTI). Splenomegaly was seen in 45 (48.4%) children.
Conclusion:
Dengue fever is increasingly presenting with atypical presentation like splenomegaly, encephalopathy, bleeding manifestations and upper RTI.
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