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Updated: Apr 2, 2026

Treatment of Osteochondral Defects in the Rabbit's Knee Joint by Implantation of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Fibrin Clots

Treatment of Osteochondral Defects in the Rabbit's Knee Joint by Implantation of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Fibrin Clots

Published on: May 21, 2013

Tissue engineering scaled-up, anatomically shaped osteochondral constructs for joint resurfacing.

T Mesallati¹, E J Sheehy, T Vinardell

¹Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.kellyd9@tcd.ie.

European Cells & Materials

|September 29, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Tissue-engineering offers a potential alternative to joint replacement surgery for osteoarthritis. Researchers successfully created scaled-up osteochondral grafts that regenerated both bone and cartilage in vivo.

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Area of Science:

Regenerative Medicine
Biomaterials Engineering
Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

Osteoarthritis (OA) and joint degeneration necessitate treatments like arthroplasty.
Tissue-engineering presents a promising alternative for biological joint replacement.

Purpose of the Study:

To tissue-engineer a large-scale, anatomically shaped osteochondral construct for joint resurfacing.
To evaluate the potential of engineered osteochondral grafts as an alternative to conventional joint replacement.

Main Methods:

Utilized mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in alginate hydrogels for endochondral bone formation.
Employed co-culture of chondrocytes and MSCs to engineer articular cartilage.
Generated scaled-up (~2 cm) grafts using laser scanning and rapid prototyping.
Assessed graft performance through in vivo implantation and analysis.

Main Results:

Demonstrated endochondral bone formation within the osseous component of the MSC-seeded hydrogel.
Successfully engineered a stable articular cartilage layer over the bone using co-culture.
Co-culture enhanced in vitro chondral development and reduced in vivo mineralization.
Engineered grafts showed sustained cartilage, mineralization, and bone development after 8 weeks in vivo.

Conclusions:

Tissue-engineered osteochondral grafts can successfully regenerate both bone and cartilage.
This approach offers a potential biological treatment for joint diseases like osteoarthritis.
The study demonstrates the feasibility of creating large-scale, anatomically shaped osteochondral implants.