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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 2, 2026

Simultaneous Measurement of Turbulence and Particle Kinematics Using Flow Imaging Techniques

Simultaneous Measurement of Turbulence and Particle Kinematics Using Flow Imaging Techniques

Published on: March 12, 2019

Sedimentation Velocity: A Classical Perspective.

John J Correia¹, Walter F Stafford²

¹Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA.

Methods in Enzymology

|September 29, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study reviews sedimentation velocity analysis history, detailing nonequilibrium thermodynamics, the Svedberg and Lamm equations, and numerical solutions. It offers experimental guidelines for optimizing sedimentation coefficient (s) and diffusion coefficient (D) determination.

Keywords:

Diffusion Frictional coefficient Hydrodynamic nonideality Irreversible thermodynamics Lamm equation Nonequilibrium thermodynamics Onsager reciprocal relations Sedimentation velocity Svedberg equation Thermodynamic nonideality

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Last Updated: Apr 2, 2026

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Area of Science:

Biophysical Chemistry
Thermodynamics
Analytical Ultracentrifugation

Background:

Sedimentation velocity analysis is a powerful technique for characterizing macromolecules.
Early ultracentrifugation studies laid the foundation for modern analytical methods.
Understanding nonequilibrium thermodynamics is crucial for accurate data interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a historical overview of sedimentation velocity analysis.
To detail the theoretical underpinnings, including nonequilibrium thermodynamics and key equations.
To discuss practical aspects of experimental design and data analysis.

Main Methods:

Historical review of sedimentation velocity analysis and ultracentrifugation.
Derivation and discussion of the Svedberg and Lamm equations.
Overview of numerical solutions (e.g., Fujita-MacCosham, Claverie) and optical detection systems (absorbance, interference, fluorescence).

Main Results:

Detailed explanation of hydrodynamic and thermodynamic nonideality.
Incorporation of coupled flows and cross-diffusion coefficients into the Lamm equation.
Discussion of software implementations for data analysis.

Conclusions:

Reviving the importance of irreversible thermodynamics enhances understanding of sedimentation velocity data.
Optimized experimental practices improve the determination of sedimentation (s) and diffusion (D) coefficients.
This work complements existing reviews, offering a comprehensive perspective.