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High-Dose-Rate (192)Ir Brachytherapy Dose Verification: A Phantom Study.

Alireza Nikoofar1, Zohreh Hoseinpour2, Seied Rabi Mahdavi3

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.

Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention
|September 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary

High-dose-rate brachytherapy for dysphagia requires careful radiation dose assessment in organs at risk. Measurements in an anthropomorphic phantom show significant dose variations, highlighting the need for precise planning to minimize adverse effects.

Keywords:
BrachytherapyEsophageal CancerPhantom

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Dosimetry

Background:

  • High-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy is explored for dysphagia palliation.
  • Concerns regarding radiation dose absorption in organs at risk necessitate accurate dosimetry.
  • Estimating absorbed dose is crucial for managing adverse effects during HDR brachytherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure absorbed radiation dose in critical organs using an anthropomorphic phantom.
  • Target organs included parotid, thyroid, submandibular glands, eye, trachea, spinal cord, and sternum.
  • This study focused on brachytherapy treatment scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an anthropomorphic phantom with applicators for thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs).
  • Target volume defined in the upper thoracic esophagus (approx. 23 cm³).
  • Computed tomography (CT) planning and treatment delivery via a micro-Selectron HDR ((192)Ir) unit were performed.

Main Results:

  • Absorbed doses were measured using calibrated TLDs and reported in centi-Gray (cGy).
  • Mean doses in distant organs (≥ 16 cm) like submandibular, parotid, and thyroid glands ranged from 1.65 to 5.5 cGy.
  • Doses in closer regions (≤ 16 cm) reached up to 113 cGy.

Conclusions:

  • Observed similar surface and depth doses in certain regions.
  • Significant differences in surface and depth doses were noted in closer regions due to primary radiation.
  • Discrepancies between planned and measured doses were amplified by simplifications in tissue inhomogeneity within the treatment planning system (TPS).