Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Properties and Applications--A Review.

Area of Science:

• Nanotechnology
• Materials Science
• Chemistry

Background:

• Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been synthesized for over 150 years.
• Recent research focuses on functionalizing AuNPs for enhanced applications.
• Precise control over AuNP size and shape is now achievable.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent developments in the synthesis of size- and shape-controlled gold nanoparticles.
• To discuss the properties and diverse applications of gold nanoparticles.
• To highlight advances in gold nanoparticle ordering for nanostructures.

Main Methods:

• Controlled synthesis methods for gold nanoparticles.
• Functionalization and protection strategies for gold nanoparticles.
• Techniques for controlled ordering of gold nanoparticles.

Main Results:

• Enhanced control over gold nanoparticle synthesis.
• Facilitation of applications in chemical/biological sensing, imaging, and biomedicine.
• Development of ordered nanostructures from gold nanoparticles.

Conclusions:

• Functionalized gold nanoparticles have broad applicability across science and medicine.
• Advances in synthesis and ordering unlock new potential for gold nanoparticle applications.
• Gold nanoparticles are crucial for developing advanced sensing and nanostructure technologies.