Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Variability: Analysis01:11

Variability: Analysis

680
Measures of variability are statistical metrics that reveal the dispersion pattern within a dataset. They are pivotal in biostatistics, providing insights into the heterogeneity within health and biological data. Variability signifies the degree to which data points diverge from one another, helping researchers understand the potential range of values and associated uncertainty within the data.
The range is a simple measure of variability, indicating the difference between the highest and...
680
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

6.3K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
6.3K
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

1.8K
1.8K
Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants01:27

Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants

98
The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...
98
Dosage Regimen: Individualization01:24

Dosage Regimen: Individualization

285
Individualization in dosing regimens is the customization of medication doses for individual patients. Its necessity arises from the goal of maximizing therapeutic benefits while minimizing risks. This approach is pivotal because human responses to drugs can vary widely; what is effective for one person may be inadequate or excessive for another. Interpatient (intersubject) variability refers to differences in drug responses between individuals, while intrapatient (intrasubject) variability...
285
Variance01:15

Variance

13.3K
The deviations show how spread out the data are about the mean. A positive deviation occurs when the data value exceeds the mean, whereas a negative deviation occurs when the data value is less than the mean. If the deviations are added, the sum is always zero. So one cannot simply add the deviations to get the data spread. By squaring the deviations, the numbers are made positive; thus, their sum will also be positive.
The standard deviation measures the spread in the same units as the data....
13.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

An Empirical Assessment of the Cost of Dichotomization of the Outcome of Clinical Trials.

Statistics in medicine·2026
Same author

Randomization and placebo effects in clinical trials of major depressive disorder.

Translational psychiatry·2025
Same author

The analysis of continuous data from n-of-1 trials using paired cycles: a simple tutorial.

Trials·2024
Same author

Student and the Lanarkshire milk experiment.

European journal of epidemiology·2022
Same author

Conditions for success and margins of error: Estimation in clinical trials.

Statistics in medicine·2022
Same author

A note regarding alternative explanations for heterogeneity in meta-analysis.

Statistics in medicine·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 2, 2026

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data
14:27

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

Published on: June 26, 2013

16.5K

Mastering variation: variance components and personalised medicine.

Stephen Senn1

  • 1Competence Centre for Methodology and Statistics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445, Strassen, Luxembourg.

Statistics in Medicine
|September 30, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reducing variation in medical practice could significantly improve health outcomes, potentially more than personalized treatment. Current evidence does not support the strong personal element in treatment response often believed by clinicians.

Keywords:
components of variationcross-over trialsn-of-1 trialspersonalised medicinerandom effects

More Related Videos

Determining the Likelihood of Variant Pathogenicity Using Amino Acid-level Signal-to-Noise Analysis of Genetic Variation
07:15

Determining the Likelihood of Variant Pathogenicity Using Amino Acid-level Signal-to-Noise Analysis of Genetic Variation

Published on: January 16, 2019

11.5K
Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information
09:37

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information

Published on: August 15, 2019

10.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 2, 2026

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data
14:27

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

Published on: June 26, 2013

16.5K
Determining the Likelihood of Variant Pathogenicity Using Amino Acid-level Signal-to-Noise Analysis of Genetic Variation
07:15

Determining the Likelihood of Variant Pathogenicity Using Amino Acid-level Signal-to-Noise Analysis of Genetic Variation

Published on: January 16, 2019

11.5K
Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information
09:37

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information

Published on: August 15, 2019

10.6K

Area of Science:

  • Biostatistics
  • Clinical Trials
  • Healthcare Research

Background:

  • Observed response variation in clinical trials and practice is a known issue.
  • Statistical literature covers variation sources, but medical literature understanding is limited.
  • Confusion exists even within statistical literature regarding variation components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss sources of variation in clinical response.
  • To explore methods for estimating variation components.
  • To improve understanding and communication regarding treatment response variation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of statistical and medical literature on response variation.
  • Proposal of graphical approaches for illustrating variation.
  • Analysis of the impact of reducing versus personalizing medical practice.

Main Results:

  • The belief in a strong personal element in treatment response lacks sound statistical evidence.
  • Reducing practice variation may be as impactful as personalized medicine for health outcomes.
  • Graphical methods can aid in illustrating variation issues.

Conclusions:

  • Statistical evidence does not support the common belief in a strong personal element influencing treatment response.
  • Minimizing variation in medical practice is a crucial, potentially underestimated, factor in improving patient health.
  • Enhanced statistical understanding and clear communication are vital for accurate interpretation of clinical trial and practice data.