Development Trends in Porous Adsorbents for Carbon Capture

Area of Science:

• Environmental Science
• Materials Science
• Chemical Engineering

Background:

• Greenhouse gas accumulation, particularly CO2, drives global warming and climate change.
• Coal-fired power plants are major CO2 emitters, necessitating effective carbon capture technologies.
• Pre- and post-combustion carbon capture methods, including adsorption, are critical for mitigating emissions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review porous adsorbents for CO2 capture from flue gases.
• To focus on carbonaceous and noncarbonaceous materials for adsorption and chemical looping combustion.
• To analyze CO2 capture integration with CO2 utilization for chemical production.

Main Methods:

• Review of literature on micro- and meso-porous adsorbents for CO2 adsorption.
• Discussion of adsorption mechanisms, material characteristics, and synthesis methods.
• Analysis of techno-economic viability and CO2 utilization pathways.

Main Results:

• Carbonaceous and noncarbonaceous porous materials show promise for CO2 adsorption.
• Noncarbonaceous adsorbents are highlighted for high-temperature chemical looping combustion.
• Integration with CO2 utilization can improve the economic feasibility of carbon capture.

Conclusions:

• Porous adsorbents offer viable solutions for CO2 capture from power plants.
• Material selection and process conditions are key for efficient adsorption.
• CO2 utilization strategies can enhance the overall sustainability of carbon capture efforts.