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Related Concept Videos

Colloids03:22

Colloids

22.1K
Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
22.1K
Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug Interactions01:23

Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug Interactions

709
Drug interactions are a critical aspect of pharmacology and can occur when two or more drugs compete for the same binding site. This competition can result in one drug displacing another, altering the effect of the displaced drug. Drug interactions are complex processes that rely heavily on how much of the displacer drug is present and how strongly it can bind to the same sites as the displaced drug.
Displacement interactions can have varying outcomes, ranging from toxicity to virtually...
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Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

6.8K
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
6.8K
Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

3.9K
Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
3.9K
The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

151
The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called...
151
Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions01:25

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions

675
Drug interactions occur when the pharmacological effect of one drug is altered by another substance, either enhancing or diminishing its activity. The drug whose activity is altered is known as the object drug, and the substance causing the alteration is called the agent drug or the precipitant. The net effects of these interactions are mostly undesirable, leading to decreased effectiveness or increased adverse effects. In rare cases, interactions can be beneficial, such as the enhanced...
675

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 1, 2026

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids
09:26

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

Published on: April 22, 2016

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What happens when pharmaceuticals meet colloids.

Yingna Xing1,2,3, Xijuan Chen3, Jie Zhuang3,4

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.

Ecotoxicology (London, England)
|October 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Colloids in the environment bind to pharmaceuticals (PCs), affecting their movement and increasing risks like antibiotic resistance. Understanding these interactions is crucial for environmental risk assessment and management.

Keywords:
ColloidsFateInteractionPharmaceuticalsTransport

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Environmental Science
  • Ecotoxicology

Background:

  • Pharmaceuticals (PCs) are prevalent environmental contaminants from agricultural practices.
  • Their ecological and human health risks are a growing concern, yet their environmental behavior is poorly understood.
  • Colloids are ubiquitous environmental substances that can interact with PCs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current research on the role of colloids in mediating the environmental behavior of pharmaceuticals.
  • To understand how colloid-pharmaceutical interactions influence the fate, transport, and toxicity of PCs.
  • To highlight the implications for environmental risk assessment and ecosystem management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing studies on colloid-pharmaceutical interactions.
  • Analysis of adsorption mechanisms (ion exchange, complexation, non-electrostatic interactions).
  • Evaluation of factors influencing interactions (pH, ionic strength, cations).

Main Results:

  • Colloids adsorb PCs via ion exchange, complexation, and non-electrostatic interactions, altering colloid structure and PC stability.
  • Adsorbed PCs may pose increased risks, including antibiotic resistance.
  • Colloid-PC interactions influence PC transport, facilitating co-transport during environmental processes like irrigation and erosion.
  • Solution conditions significantly impact these interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmaceuticals bind to environmental colloids, influencing their fate and transport.
  • Colloid-pharmaceutical interactions are critical for assessing risks and managing ecosystems.
  • Further understanding of these interactions is essential for effective environmental protection strategies.