Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 1, 2026
08:45
Shrinkage of Dental Composite in Simulated Cavity Measured with Digital Image Correlation
Published on: July 21, 2014
14.1K
Shrinkage, stress, and modulus of dimethacrylate, ormocer, and silorane composites
Atais Bacchi1, Victor Pinheiro Feitosa2, Andrea Soares Quirino da Silva Fonseca3
1Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Meridional Faculty - IMED, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.
Journal of Conservative Dentistry : JCD
|October 3, 2015
Summary
Silorane-based dental composites exhibit lower shrinkage and polymerization stress compared to methacrylate-based ones, though with a reduced elastic modulus. Ormocer materials offer a balance of lower shrinkage and stress with a high modulus.
Area of Science:
- Dental Materials Science
- Polymer Chemistry
Background:
- Dental composites are widely used restorative materials.
- Traditional dimethacrylate-based composites are prone to volumetric shrinkage and polymerization stress, potentially leading to clinical issues.
- Novel composite formulations, including siloranes and ormocers, aim to mitigate these drawbacks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare volumetric shrinkage, polymerization stress, elastic modulus, and bulk modulus of silorane, 2nd generation ormocer, and dimethacrylate dental composites.
- To evaluate the mechanical properties and shrinkage behavior of different dental composite chemistries.
Main Methods:
- Volumetric shrinkage was assessed using the bonded disc method.
- Polymerization stress was measured with the Bioman device.
- Elastic and bulk modulus were determined from stress/strain curves of cylindrical specimens.
- Statistical analysis included one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test.
Main Results:
- Silorane composites demonstrated the lowest bulk modulus and highest maximum shrinkage.
- Ormocer and silorane composites exhibited lower maximum shrinkage rates compared to some dimethacrylates.
- Grandio (a dimethacrylate) and Extra-Low Shrinkage (ELS) composites showed the highest maximum shrinkage rates.
- Silorane composites displayed lower maximum stress and stress rates.
- ELS and Grandio composites exhibited the highest maximum stress values.
Conclusions:
- Silorane composites offer reduced shrinkage and polymerization stress but possess a lower elastic modulus.
- Ormocer composites present lower shrinkage and stress compared to conventional methacrylates, despite their high modulus.
- Material selection should consider the trade-offs between shrinkage, stress, and mechanical properties.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Shrinkage in Concrete
500
Shrinkage in concrete is primarily due to water loss from evaporation, hydration of cement, or carbonation, leading to a reduction in volume. The volumetric contraction results in volumetric strain in concrete. However, in practice, shrinkage is measured as linear strain, which is one-third of the volumetric strain.
When concrete is still in its plastic state, it can undergo a decrease in volume by about 1% of its absolute volume. This decrease is known as plastic shrinkage. It arises either...
When concrete is still in its plastic state, it can undergo a decrease in volume by about 1% of its absolute volume. This decrease is known as plastic shrinkage. It arises either...
500
01:21Drying Shrinkage
456
When hardened concrete is exposed to air with a relative humidity of less than 100 percent, it begins to lose the free water within its capillaries. As this water evaporates, the water initially adsorbed onto the calcium silicate hydrates migrates towards these now empty spaces and eventually evaporates as well. Over time, as more water leaves, the volume of the concrete decreases, a phenomenon known as drying shrinkage.
A portion of this drying shrinkage can be reversed; if the concrete is...
A portion of this drying shrinkage can be reversed; if the concrete is...
456
01:15Strain and Elastic Modulus
9.3K
The quantity that describes the deformation of a body under stress is known as strain. Strain is given as a fractional change in either length, volume, or geometry under tensile, volume (also known as bulk), or shear stress, respectively, and is a dimensionless quantity. The strain experienced by a body under tensile or compressive stress is called tensile or compressive strain, respectively. In contrast, the strain experienced under bulk stress and shear stress is known as volume and shear...
9.3K
01:15Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity
736
Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
736
01:24Carbonation Shrinkage
577
Atmospheric CO2 penetrates the concrete's pores and, in the presence of moisture, forms carbonic acid, which then reacts with calcium hydroxide in the hydrated cement, forming calcium carbonate. This process reduces the concrete's volume and is termed carbonation shrinkage.
The concrete's permeability is slightly reduced as calcium carbonate produced during the reaction fills its pores. Furthermore, its strength is slightly enhanced as the water released during the reaction...
The concrete's permeability is slightly reduced as calcium carbonate produced during the reaction fills its pores. Furthermore, its strength is slightly enhanced as the water released during the reaction...
577
01:16Flexural Stress
872
When analyzing bending in symmetric members, it's crucial to understand how stresses distribute when subjected to bending moments. This stress distribution is effectively described by applying fundamental mechanics and material science principles, particularly Hooke's Law for elastic materials.
Hooke's Law states that within the material's elastic limits, stress is directly proportional to strain. In a member experiencing a bending moment, the strain at any point is relative to its distance...
Hooke's Law states that within the material's elastic limits, stress is directly proportional to strain. In a member experiencing a bending moment, the strain at any point is relative to its distance...
872