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Related Concept Videos

Hand hygiene01:23

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Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
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Asepsis01:28

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The condition of being free from disease-causing living pathogens is asepsis. Aseptic techniques include a set of standard practices to achieve asepsis. An example is the regular environmental cleaning of all parts of the healthcare facility and hand hygiene at home before preparing or eating food. Medical and surgical asepsis in healthcare practice protects patients from harmful pathogens, minimizes the risk of contamination of susceptible sites, and reduces the risk of infection transmission.
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Standard Precaution01:26

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Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
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The pre-procedure steps of handwashing include removing jewelry and rolling up sleeves. However, many organizations allow staff to wear wedding rings.
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Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
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Pre-Operative Antisepsis Protocol Compliance and the Effect on Bacterial Load Reduction.

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Surgical skin preparation protocols show significant deviations from manufacturer guidelines, impacting infection prevention. While current methods don't affect bacterial load, standardizing techniques may improve compliance.

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical Site Infection Prevention
  • Antimicrobial Efficacy
  • Healthcare Protocol Adherence

Background:

  • Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a significant concern, with skin preparation being a critical preventive measure.
  • Variability in antiseptic product usage and adherence to manufacturer guidelines may compromise bacterial load reduction.
  • Standardization of surgical skin preparation protocols is crucial for effective infection control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the adherence to manufacturer guidelines for surgical skin antiseptics.
  • To evaluate the impact of protocol adherence on bacterial load reduction.
  • To compare the efficacy of Chlorhexidine gluconate-isopropyl alcohol (CHG-IPA) and povidone-iodine (PVI) in reducing bacterial load.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty surgical staff from four hospitals prepared skin using CHG-IPA and PVI on standardized patients.
  • Performance was assessed against manufacturer guidelines using checklists.
  • Bacterial loads (CFUs) were measured via swabs taken pre-prep, and at 1 and 30 minutes post-prep.

Main Results:

  • No participant achieved 100% adherence to manufacturer guidelines.
  • Essential steps were followed by 90% for CHG-IPA versus 33.3% for PVI (p=0.0001).
  • No significant difference in bacterial reduction was observed between CHG-IPA and PVI at 30 minutes (75.2% vs. 73.7%, p=0.7662).
  • Bacterial reduction did not correlate with experience, protocol compliance, or prep time.

Conclusions:

  • Significant incongruence exists in pre-operative skin preparation compared to manufacturer guidelines.
  • Current deviations did not demonstrably affect immediate bacterial load reduction, though larger studies may be needed.
  • Standardization, simplification, and education on surgical skin preparation techniques are recommended to enhance protocol compliance.